{"id":598,"date":"2020-06-10T18:27:44","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T18:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digitaleditions.library.dal.ca\/intropsychneuro\/?post_type=chapter&p=598"},"modified":"2020-12-09T18:02:19","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T18:02:19","slug":"key-terms-for-motivation-and-emotion","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/digitaleditions.library.dal.ca\/intropsychneuro\/chapter\/key-terms-for-motivation-and-emotion\/","title":{"raw":"Key Terms for Motivation and Emotion","rendered":"Key Terms for Motivation and Emotion"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n
\r\n
\r\n
\r\n \t
anorexia nervosa<\/dt>\r\n \t
eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and\/or excessive exercise<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
basolateral complex<\/dt>\r\n \t
part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
binge eating disorder<\/dt>\r\n \t
type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
bisexual<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
body language<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotional expression through body position or movement<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
bulimia nervosa<\/dt>\r\n \t
type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion<\/dt>\r\n \t
physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
central nucleus<\/dt>\r\n \t
part of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems\u2019 activity<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
cognitive-mediational theory<\/dt>\r\n \t
our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
components of emotion<\/dt>\r\n \t
physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
cultural display rule<\/dt>\r\n \t
one of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
distorted body image<\/dt>\r\n \t
individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
drive theory<\/dt>\r\n \t
deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behaviour to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
emotion<\/dt>\r\n \t
subjective state of being often described as feelings<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
excitement<\/dt>\r\n \t
phase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousal<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
extrinsic motivation<\/dt>\r\n \t
motivation that arises from external factors or rewards<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
facial feedback hypothesis<\/dt>\r\n \t
facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
gender dysphoria<\/dt>\r\n \t
diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sex<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
gender identity<\/dt>\r\n \t
individual's sense of having a particular gender<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
habit<\/dt>\r\n \t
pattern of behaviour in which we regularly engage<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
heterosexual<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individuals<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
hierarchy of needs<\/dt>\r\n \t
spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
homosexual<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotional and erotic attractions to same-sexed individuals<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
instinct<\/dt>\r\n \t
species-specific pattern of behaviour that is unlearned<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
intrinsic motivation<\/dt>\r\n \t
motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
James-Lange theory of emotion<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotions arise from physiological arousal<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
leptin<\/dt>\r\n \t
satiety hormone<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
metabolic rate<\/dt>\r\n \t
amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
motivation<\/dt>\r\n \t
wants or needs that direct behaviour toward some goal<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
orgasm<\/dt>\r\n \t
peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
overweight<\/dt>\r\n \t
adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
plateau<\/dt>\r\n \t
phase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasm<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
polygraph<\/dt>\r\n \t
lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
refractory period<\/dt>\r\n \t
time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
resolution<\/dt>\r\n \t
phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
satiation<\/dt>\r\n \t
fullness; satisfaction<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion<\/dt>\r\n \t
emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
self-efficacy<\/dt>\r\n \t
individual\u2019s belief in their own capabilities or capacities to complete a task<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
set point theory<\/dt>\r\n \t
assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
sexual orientation<\/dt>\r\n \t
one's emotional and erotic attraction to others<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
sexual response cycle<\/dt>\r\n \t
divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
hormone therapy<\/dt>\r\n \t
use of hormones to change the appearance of one's body, often used to treat gender dysphoria<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n
\r\n \t
Yerkes-Dodson law<\/dt>\r\n \t
simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower<\/dd>\r\n<\/dl>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
<\/div>","rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
anorexia nervosa<\/dt>\n
eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and\/or excessive exercise<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
basolateral complex<\/dt>\n
part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
binge eating disorder<\/dt>\n
type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
bisexual<\/dt>\n
emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
body language<\/dt>\n
emotional expression through body position or movement<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
bulimia nervosa<\/dt>\n
type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion<\/dt>\n
physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
central nucleus<\/dt>\n
part of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems\u2019 activity<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
cognitive-mediational theory<\/dt>\n
our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
components of emotion<\/dt>\n
physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
cultural display rule<\/dt>\n
one of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
distorted body image<\/dt>\n
individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
drive theory<\/dt>\n
deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behaviour to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
emotion<\/dt>\n
subjective state of being often described as feelings<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
excitement<\/dt>\n
phase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousal<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
extrinsic motivation<\/dt>\n
motivation that arises from external factors or rewards<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
facial feedback hypothesis<\/dt>\n
facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
gender dysphoria<\/dt>\n
diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sex<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
gender identity<\/dt>\n
individual’s sense of having a particular gender<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
habit<\/dt>\n
pattern of behaviour in which we regularly engage<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
heterosexual<\/dt>\n
emotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individuals<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
hierarchy of needs<\/dt>\n
spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
homosexual<\/dt>\n
emotional and erotic attractions to same-sexed individuals<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
instinct<\/dt>\n
species-specific pattern of behaviour that is unlearned<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
intrinsic motivation<\/dt>\n
motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
James-Lange theory of emotion<\/dt>\n
emotions arise from physiological arousal<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
leptin<\/dt>\n
satiety hormone<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
metabolic rate<\/dt>\n
amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
motivation<\/dt>\n
wants or needs that direct behaviour toward some goal<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
orgasm<\/dt>\n
peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
overweight<\/dt>\n
adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
plateau<\/dt>\n
phase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasm<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
polygraph<\/dt>\n
lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
refractory period<\/dt>\n
time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
resolution<\/dt>\n
phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
satiation<\/dt>\n
fullness; satisfaction<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion<\/dt>\n
emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
self-efficacy<\/dt>\n
individual\u2019s belief in their own capabilities or capacities to complete a task<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
set point theory<\/dt>\n
assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
sexual orientation<\/dt>\n
one’s emotional and erotic attraction to others<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
sexual response cycle<\/dt>\n
divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
hormone therapy<\/dt>\n
use of hormones to change the appearance of one’s body, often used to treat gender dysphoria<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
Yerkes-Dodson law<\/dt>\n
simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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