{"id":661,"date":"2020-06-17T16:17:54","date_gmt":"2020-06-17T16:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digitaleditions.library.dal.ca\/intropsychneuro\/?post_type=chapter&p=661"},"modified":"2020-12-20T22:32:45","modified_gmt":"2020-12-20T22:32:45","slug":"review-questions-for-personality","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/digitaleditions.library.dal.ca\/intropsychneuro\/chapter\/review-questions-for-personality\/","title":{"raw":"Review Questions for Personality","rendered":"Review Questions for Personality"},"content":{"raw":"
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\r\n\r\n<\/a>Click here<\/a> for Answer Key\r\n\r\nMultiple Choice Questions<\/strong>\r\n\r\n1<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Personality is thought to be ________.<\/span>\r\n
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    \r\n \t
  1. short term and easily changed<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. a pattern of short-term characteristics<\/li>\r\n \t
  3. unstable and short term<\/li>\r\n \t
  4. long term, stable and not easily changed<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
    <\/header>
    \r\n
    \r\n\r\n2<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
    \r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. psychodynamic<\/li>\r\n \t
    2. temperament<\/li>\r\n \t
    3. humors<\/li>\r\n \t
    4. personality<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
      <\/header>
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      \r\n\r\n3<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>________ is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.<\/span>\r\n
      \r\n
        \r\n \t
      1. Hippocrates<\/li>\r\n \t
      2. Gall<\/li>\r\n \t
      3. Wundt<\/li>\r\n \t
      4. Freud<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
        <\/header>
        \r\n
        \r\n\r\n4<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person\u2019s skull is known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
        \r\n
          \r\n \t
        1. phrenology<\/li>\r\n \t
        2. psychology<\/li>\r\n \t
        3. physiology<\/li>\r\n \t
        4. personality psychology<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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          <\/header>
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          \r\n\r\n5<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The id operates on the ________ principle.<\/span>\r\n
          \r\n
            \r\n \t
          1. reality<\/li>\r\n \t
          2. pleasure<\/li>\r\n \t
          3. instant gratification<\/li>\r\n \t
          4. guilt<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
            <\/header>
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            \r\n\r\n6<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioural stage is called ________.<\/span>\r\n
            \r\n
              \r\n \t
            1. repression<\/li>\r\n \t
            2. regression<\/li>\r\n \t
            3. reaction formation<\/li>\r\n \t
            4. rationalization<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
              <\/header>
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              \r\n\r\n7<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The Oedipus complex occurs in the ________ stage of psychosexual development.<\/span>\r\n
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                \r\n \t
              1. oral<\/li>\r\n \t
              2. anal<\/li>\r\n \t
              3. phallic<\/li>\r\n \t
              4. latency<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                <\/header>
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                \r\n\r\n8<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The universal bank of ideas, images, and concepts that have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors refers to ________.<\/span>\r\n
                \r\n
                  \r\n \t
                1. archetypes<\/li>\r\n \t
                2. intuition<\/li>\r\n \t
                3. collective unconscious<\/li>\r\n \t
                4. personality types<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                  \r\n
                  <\/header>
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                  \r\n\r\n9<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Self-regulation is also known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
                  \r\n
                    \r\n \t
                  1. self-efficacy<\/li>\r\n \t
                  2. will power<\/li>\r\n \t
                  3. internal locus of control<\/li>\r\n \t
                  4. external locus of control<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                    <\/header>
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                    \r\n\r\n10<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
                    \r\n
                      \r\n \t
                    1. self-efficacy<\/li>\r\n \t
                    2. self-concept<\/li>\r\n \t
                    3. self-control<\/li>\r\n \t
                    4. self-esteem<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                      <\/header>
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                      \r\n\r\n11<\/span>. Giang<\/span>\u00a0believes that they got a bad grade on their psychology paper because their professor doesn\u2019t like them. Giang most likely has an _______ locus of control.<\/span>\r\n
                      \r\n
                        \r\n \t
                      1. internal<\/li>\r\n \t
                      2. external<\/li>\r\n \t
                      3. intrinsic<\/li>\r\n \t
                      4. extrinsic<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                        <\/header>
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                        \r\n\r\n12<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Self-concept refers to ________.<\/span>\r\n
                        \r\n
                          \r\n \t
                        1. our level of confidence in our own abilities<\/li>\r\n \t
                        2. all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves<\/li>\r\n \t
                        3. the belief that we control our own outcomes<\/li>\r\n \t
                        4. the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                          <\/header>
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                          \r\n\r\n13<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The idea that people\u2019s ideas about themselves should match their actions is called ________.<\/span>\r\n
                          \r\n
                            \r\n \t
                          1. confluence<\/li>\r\n \t
                          2. conscious<\/li>\r\n \t
                          3. conscientiousness<\/li>\r\n \t
                          4. congruence<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                            \r\n
                            <\/header>
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                            \r\n\r\n14<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person\u2019s activity level is known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
                            \r\n
                              \r\n \t
                            1. traits<\/li>\r\n \t
                            2. temperament<\/li>\r\n \t
                            3. heritability<\/li>\r\n \t
                            4. personality<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                              <\/header>
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                              \r\n\r\n15<\/span>. Sandeep<\/span>\u00a0is 18 months old. Sandeep cries frequently, is hard to soothe, and wakes frequently during the night. According to Thomas and Chess, Sandeep would be considered ________.<\/span>\r\n
                              \r\n
                                \r\n \t
                              1. an easy baby<\/li>\r\n \t
                              2. a difficult baby<\/li>\r\n \t
                              3. a slow to warm up baby<\/li>\r\n \t
                              4. a colicky baby<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                <\/header>
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                                \r\n\r\n16<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have ________ personalities.<\/span>\r\n
                                \r\n
                                  \r\n \t
                                1. slightly different<\/li>\r\n \t
                                2. very different<\/li>\r\n \t
                                3. slightly similar<\/li>\r\n \t
                                4. very similar<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                  <\/header>
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                                  \r\n\r\n17<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Temperament refers to ________.<\/span>\r\n
                                  \r\n
                                    \r\n \t
                                  1. inborn, genetically based personality differences<\/li>\r\n \t
                                  2. characteristic ways of behaving<\/li>\r\n \t
                                  3. conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extroversion<\/li>\r\n \t
                                  4. degree of introversion-extroversion<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                    \r\n
                                    <\/header>
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                                    \r\n\r\n18<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the Eysencks\u2019 theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be ________.<\/span>\r\n
                                    \r\n
                                      \r\n \t
                                    1. calm<\/li>\r\n \t
                                    2. stable<\/li>\r\n \t
                                    3. outgoing<\/li>\r\n \t
                                    4. anxious<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                      \r\n
                                      <\/header>
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                                      \r\n\r\n19<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The United States is considered a ________ culture.<\/span>\r\n
                                      \r\n
                                        \r\n \t
                                      1. collectivistic<\/li>\r\n \t
                                      2. individualist<\/li>\r\n \t
                                      3. traditional<\/li>\r\n \t
                                      4. nontraditional<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                        <\/header>
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                                        \r\n\r\n20<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs is known as ________.<\/span>\r\n
                                        \r\n
                                          \r\n \t
                                        1. selective migration<\/li>\r\n \t
                                        2. personal oriented personality<\/li>\r\n \t
                                        3. socially oriented personality<\/li>\r\n \t
                                        4. individualism<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                          <\/header>
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                                          \r\n\r\n21<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Which of the following is NOT a projective test?<\/span>\r\n
                                          \r\n
                                            \r\n \t
                                          1. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                          2. Rorschach Inkblot Test<\/li>\r\n \t
                                          3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                          4. Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (RISB)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                            <\/header>
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                                            \r\n\r\n22<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>A personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing unconscious feelings, impulses, and desires ________.<\/span>\r\n
                                            \r\n
                                              \r\n \t
                                            1. self-report inventory<\/li>\r\n \t
                                            2. projective test<\/li>\r\n \t
                                            3. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                            4. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                              <\/header>
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                                              \r\n\r\n23<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Which personality assessment employs a series of true\/false questions?<\/span>\r\n
                                              \r\n
                                                \r\n \t
                                              1. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                              2. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                              3. Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (RISB)<\/li>\r\n \t
                                              4. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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                                                \r\n\r\nCritical Thinking Questions<\/strong>\r\n\r\n24<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What makes a personal quality part of someone\u2019s personality?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n25<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Describe the difference between extroverts and introverts in terms of what is energizing to each.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
                                                \r\n
                                                \r\n\r\n26<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Discuss Horney\u2019s perspective on Freud\u2019s concept of penis envy.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
                                                \r\n
                                                \r\n\r\n27<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare the personalities of someone who has high self-efficacy to someone who has low self-efficacy.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
                                                \r\n
                                                \r\n\r\n28<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare and contrast Skinner\u2019s perspective on personality development to Freud\u2019s.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n29.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>How might a temperament mix between parent and child affect family life?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n30<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How stable are the Big Five factors over one\u2019s lifespan?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n31<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare the personality of someone who scores high on agreeableness to someone who scores low on agreeableness.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n32<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why might it be important to consider cultural influences on personality?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n33<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why might a prospective employer screen applicants using personality assessments?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n34<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why would a clinician give someone a projective test?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nPersonal Application Questions<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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                                                \r\n\r\n35<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How would you describe your own personality? Do you think that friends and family would describe you in much the same way? Why or why not?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n36<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How would you describe your personality in an online dating profile?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n37<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What are some of your positive and negative personality qualities? How do you think these qualities will affect your choice of career?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n38<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What are some examples of defence mechanisms that you have used yourself or have witnessed others using?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n39.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>What is your birth order? Do you agree or disagree with Adler\u2019s description of your personality based on his birth order theory, as described in the Link to Learning? Provide examples for support.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n40.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Would you describe yourself as an extrovert or an introvert? Does this vary based on the situation? Provide examples to support your points.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n41<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Select an epic story that is popular in contemporary society (such as\u00a0<\/span>Harry Potter<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<\/span>Star Wars<\/em>) and explain it terms of Jung\u2019s concept of archetypes.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n42<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Do you have an internal or an external locus of control? Provide examples to support your answer.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
                                                \r\n
                                                \r\n\r\n43<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Respond to the question, \u201cWho am I?\u201d Based on your response, do you have a negative or a positive self-concept? What are some experiences that led you to develop this particular self-concept?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n44<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Research suggests that many of our personality characteristics have a genetic component. What traits do you think you inherited from your parents? Provide examples. How might modelling (environment) influenced your characteristics as well?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
                                                \r\n
                                                <\/header>
                                                \r\n
                                                \r\n\r\n45<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Review the Big Five personality factors shown in\u00a0<\/span>Figure 11.14<\/a>. On which areas would you expect you\u2019d score high? In which areas does the low score more accurately describe you?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n46<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the work of Rentfrow and colleagues, personalities are not randomly distributed. Instead they fit into distinct geographic clusters. Based on where you live, do you agree or disagree with the traits associated with yourself and the residents of your area of the country? Why or why not?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section>
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                                                <\/header>
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                                                \r\n\r\n47<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How objective do you think you can be about yourself in answering questions on self-report personality assessment measures? What implications might this have for the validity of the personality test?<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n
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                                                <\/a>Click here<\/a> for Answer Key<\/p>\n

                                                Multiple Choice Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                1<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Personality is thought to be ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                                  \n
                                                1. short term and easily changed<\/li>\n
                                                2. a pattern of short-term characteristics<\/li>\n
                                                3. unstable and short term<\/li>\n
                                                4. long term, stable and not easily changed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                  \n
                                                  <\/header>\n
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                                                  2<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                    \n
                                                  1. psychodynamic<\/li>\n
                                                  2. temperament<\/li>\n
                                                  3. humors<\/li>\n
                                                  4. personality<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                    \n
                                                    <\/header>\n
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                                                    3<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>________ is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                      \n
                                                    1. Hippocrates<\/li>\n
                                                    2. Gall<\/li>\n
                                                    3. Wundt<\/li>\n
                                                    4. Freud<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                      \n
                                                      <\/header>\n
                                                      \n
                                                      \n

                                                      4<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person\u2019s skull is known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                        \n
                                                      1. phrenology<\/li>\n
                                                      2. psychology<\/li>\n
                                                      3. physiology<\/li>\n
                                                      4. personality psychology<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                        \n
                                                        \n
                                                        <\/header>\n
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                                                        5<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The id operates on the ________ principle.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                          \n
                                                        1. reality<\/li>\n
                                                        2. pleasure<\/li>\n
                                                        3. instant gratification<\/li>\n
                                                        4. guilt<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                          \n
                                                          <\/header>\n
                                                          \n
                                                          \n

                                                          6<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioural stage is called ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                            \n
                                                          1. repression<\/li>\n
                                                          2. regression<\/li>\n
                                                          3. reaction formation<\/li>\n
                                                          4. rationalization<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                            \n
                                                            <\/header>\n
                                                            \n
                                                            \n

                                                            7<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The Oedipus complex occurs in the ________ stage of psychosexual development.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                              \n
                                                            1. oral<\/li>\n
                                                            2. anal<\/li>\n
                                                            3. phallic<\/li>\n
                                                            4. latency<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                              \n
                                                              \n
                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                              \n
                                                              \n

                                                              8<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The universal bank of ideas, images, and concepts that have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors refers to ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                                \n
                                                              1. archetypes<\/li>\n
                                                              2. intuition<\/li>\n
                                                              3. collective unconscious<\/li>\n
                                                              4. personality types<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                \n
                                                                \n
                                                                <\/header>\n
                                                                \n
                                                                \n

                                                                9<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Self-regulation is also known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                                  \n
                                                                1. self-efficacy<\/li>\n
                                                                2. will power<\/li>\n
                                                                3. internal locus of control<\/li>\n
                                                                4. external locus of control<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                  <\/header>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                  \n

                                                                  10<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Your level of confidence in your own abilities is known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                  \n
                                                                    \n
                                                                  1. self-efficacy<\/li>\n
                                                                  2. self-concept<\/li>\n
                                                                  3. self-control<\/li>\n
                                                                  4. self-esteem<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                    <\/header>\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                    \n

                                                                    11<\/span>. Giang<\/span>\u00a0believes that they got a bad grade on their psychology paper because their professor doesn\u2019t like them. Giang most likely has an _______ locus of control.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    1. internal<\/li>\n
                                                                    2. external<\/li>\n
                                                                    3. intrinsic<\/li>\n
                                                                    4. extrinsic<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                      \n
                                                                      <\/header>\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                      \n

                                                                      12<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Self-concept refers to ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                      \n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      1. our level of confidence in our own abilities<\/li>\n
                                                                      2. all of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves<\/li>\n
                                                                      3. the belief that we control our own outcomes<\/li>\n
                                                                      4. the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                        <\/header>\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                        \n

                                                                        13<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The idea that people\u2019s ideas about themselves should match their actions is called ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        \n
                                                                          \n
                                                                        1. confluence<\/li>\n
                                                                        2. conscious<\/li>\n
                                                                        3. conscientiousness<\/li>\n
                                                                        4. congruence<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                          \n
                                                                          \n
                                                                          <\/header>\n
                                                                          \n
                                                                          \n

                                                                          14<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person\u2019s activity level is known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                            \n
                                                                          1. traits<\/li>\n
                                                                          2. temperament<\/li>\n
                                                                          3. heritability<\/li>\n
                                                                          4. personality<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                            <\/header>\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                            \n

                                                                            15<\/span>. Sandeep<\/span>\u00a0is 18 months old. Sandeep cries frequently, is hard to soothe, and wakes frequently during the night. According to Thomas and Chess, Sandeep would be considered ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                              \n
                                                                            1. an easy baby<\/li>\n
                                                                            2. a difficult baby<\/li>\n
                                                                            3. a slow to warm up baby<\/li>\n
                                                                            4. a colicky baby<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                              \n

                                                                              16<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have ________ personalities.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                              \n
                                                                                \n
                                                                              1. slightly different<\/li>\n
                                                                              2. very different<\/li>\n
                                                                              3. slightly similar<\/li>\n
                                                                              4. very similar<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                                \n
                                                                                <\/header>\n
                                                                                \n
                                                                                \n

                                                                                17<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Temperament refers to ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                \n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                1. inborn, genetically based personality differences<\/li>\n
                                                                                2. characteristic ways of behaving<\/li>\n
                                                                                3. conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extroversion<\/li>\n
                                                                                4. degree of introversion-extroversion<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                  <\/header>\n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                  \n

                                                                                  18<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the Eysencks\u2019 theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                  \n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  1. calm<\/li>\n
                                                                                  2. stable<\/li>\n
                                                                                  3. outgoing<\/li>\n
                                                                                  4. anxious<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                    <\/header>\n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                    \n

                                                                                    19<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The United States is considered a ________ culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                    \n
                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    1. collectivistic<\/li>\n
                                                                                    2. individualist<\/li>\n
                                                                                    3. traditional<\/li>\n
                                                                                    4. nontraditional<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                                      \n
                                                                                      <\/header>\n
                                                                                      \n
                                                                                      \n

                                                                                      20<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>The concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs is known as ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                      \n
                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      1. selective migration<\/li>\n
                                                                                      2. personal oriented personality<\/li>\n
                                                                                      3. socially oriented personality<\/li>\n
                                                                                      4. individualism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
                                                                                        \n
                                                                                        \n
                                                                                        <\/header>\n
                                                                                        \n
                                                                                        \n

                                                                                        21<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Which of the following is NOT a projective test?<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                        \n
                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        1. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\n
                                                                                        2. Rorschach Inkblot Test<\/li>\n
                                                                                        3. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)<\/li>\n
                                                                                        4. Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (RISB)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                                          \n
                                                                                          <\/header>\n
                                                                                          \n
                                                                                          \n

                                                                                          22<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>A personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing unconscious feelings, impulses, and desires ________.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                            \n
                                                                                          1. self-report inventory<\/li>\n
                                                                                          2. projective test<\/li>\n
                                                                                          3. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\n
                                                                                          4. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                                            \n
                                                                                            <\/header>\n
                                                                                            \n
                                                                                            \n

                                                                                            23<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Which personality assessment employs a series of true\/false questions?<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                                            \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                            1. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)<\/li>\n
                                                                                            2. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)<\/li>\n
                                                                                            3. Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (RISB)<\/li>\n
                                                                                            4. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              Critical Thinking Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                              24<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What makes a personal quality part of someone\u2019s personality?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              25<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Describe the difference between extroverts and introverts in terms of what is energizing to each.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              26<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Discuss Horney\u2019s perspective on Freud\u2019s concept of penis envy.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              27<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare the personalities of someone who has high self-efficacy to someone who has low self-efficacy.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              28<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare and contrast Skinner\u2019s perspective on personality development to Freud\u2019s.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              29.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>How might a temperament mix between parent and child affect family life?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              30<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How stable are the Big Five factors over one\u2019s lifespan?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              31<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Compare the personality of someone who scores high on agreeableness to someone who scores low on agreeableness.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              32<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why might it be important to consider cultural influences on personality?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              33<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why might a prospective employer screen applicants using personality assessments?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              34<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Why would a clinician give someone a projective test?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              Personal Application Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              35<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How would you describe your own personality? Do you think that friends and family would describe you in much the same way? Why or why not?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              36<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How would you describe your personality in an online dating profile?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              37<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What are some of your positive and negative personality qualities? How do you think these qualities will affect your choice of career?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              38<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>What are some examples of defence mechanisms that you have used yourself or have witnessed others using?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              39.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>What is your birth order? Do you agree or disagree with Adler\u2019s description of your personality based on his birth order theory, as described in the Link to Learning? Provide examples for support.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              40.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Would you describe yourself as an extrovert or an introvert? Does this vary based on the situation? Provide examples to support your points.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              41<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Select an epic story that is popular in contemporary society (such as\u00a0<\/span>Harry Potter<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<\/span>Star Wars<\/em>) and explain it terms of Jung\u2019s concept of archetypes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              42<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Do you have an internal or an external locus of control? Provide examples to support your answer.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              43<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Respond to the question, \u201cWho am I?\u201d Based on your response, do you have a negative or a positive self-concept? What are some experiences that led you to develop this particular self-concept?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              44<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Research suggests that many of our personality characteristics have a genetic component. What traits do you think you inherited from your parents? Provide examples. How might modelling (environment) influenced your characteristics as well?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              45<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Review the Big Five personality factors shown in\u00a0<\/span>Figure 11.14<\/a>. On which areas would you expect you\u2019d score high? In which areas does the low score more accurately describe you?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              46<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>According to the work of Rentfrow and colleagues, personalities are not randomly distributed. Instead they fit into distinct geographic clusters. Based on where you live, do you agree or disagree with the traits associated with yourself and the residents of your area of the country? Why or why not?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              <\/header>\n
                                                                                              \n
                                                                                              \n

                                                                                              47<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>How objective do you think you can be about yourself in answering questions on self-report personality assessment measures? What implications might this have for the validity of the personality test?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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